| Autoantibodies in Scleroderma |
| This page was written by Shelley Ensz and has not yet been medically edited. See disclaimer. |
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| Overview of Lab Tests |
 Specialized blood tests such as antinuclear antibody (ANA) tests are sometimes useful in the diagnosis or categorization of both localized and systemic scleroderma, as well as overlapping or other autoimmune diseases. |
| Patient information: Antinuclear antibodies (ANA). Testing for antinuclear antibodies (ANA) test is commonly used when evaluating patients who are suspected of having an autoimmune or connective tissue disorder. Antibodies are proteins that are made as part of an immune response. UpToDate Patient Information. |
| Antibody Patterns. To learn about antibodies associated with scleroderma and other rheumatic diseases, click on "Rheumatic" in the navigation bar. Antibody Patterns. |
| Antibodies and Complement in Myopathies and Neuromuscular Disorders. Very technical medical resource. Neuromuscular Disease Center, Washington University. |
| Comprehensive Scleroderma Antibodies Panel. Introducing a comprehensive serologic assessment for Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma— SSc). RDL Reference Laboratory. |
| Quantitation of autoantibodies in systemic autoimmune diseases: clinically useful? Treatment based on changes in levels of the respective autoantibodies only seems at present not justified, in view of the toxicity of currently available immunosuppressive regimens. (Sage Journals OnLine) Lupus, Vol. 15, No. 7, 397-402 (2006) (Also see: Lupus) |
| Autoimmune Disease? Get Paid for Your Antibodies! |
| Access Biologicals’ Specialty Antibody Donors. If you have been diagnosed with and are being treated for any autoimmune disease, you may be eligible to receive up to $500 per plasma donation, as long as your antibody levels are high. For U.S. residents who weigh at least 110 lbs and are at least 18 years of age. Access Biologicals. Posted 06-12-07. |
| Overview of Antibody Testing |
| Antinuclear Antibody Test (ANA). MedicineNet. |
| Predictors of autoimmune disease: Autoantibodies and beyond. Our increasing knowledge of the steps leading from benign autoimmunity to frank autoimmune disease has suggested ways by which subtle genetic differences combined with assessment of the pattern of critical mediators can trace the progression of disease. The new tools of multiplex testing and information handling open opportunities to identify early signposts of disease. (IngentaConnect) Rose, Noel. Autoimmunity. September 2008. (Also see: Autoimmunity) |
| Antibodies in Systemic Scleroderma |
| Autoantibodies in systemic sclerosis (scleroderma): clues for clinical evaluation, prognosis and pathogenesis. Autoantibodies against topoisomerase (Scl-70), centromere-associated proteins, and nucleolar antigens are important for the diagnosis of the disease and give clues for its clinical manifestations and prognosis (prognostic autoantibodies). (PubMed) Wien Med Wochenschr. 2008 Jan;158(1-2):19-28. |
| Systemic Sclerosis Patients Have Activating Antibodies Targeting Both Endothelin Receptor Type A And Angiotensin Ii Type 1 Receptor Predicting Worse Prognosis. Anti-AT1R and anti-ETAR antibodies are a biomarker for severe disease and worse prognosis and could explain pathogenic features found in systemic sclerosis. The detection of these antibodies could identify SSc patients that might benefit from a receptor blockade or from a specific modulation of the antibody-receptor interaction. G. Riemekasten OP0162 EULAR 2007. (Also see: Causes of Scleroderma: Endothelin, and Prognosis) |
| Antinuclear Antibodies and Systemic Scleroderma |
| Antinuclear Antibodies. Antibodies directed against structures in our own body arise as part of the normal immune response to various infections. The persistence of such antibodies, in the presence of suggestive clinical features, is supportive and sometimes diagnostic of autoimmune disease. This table summarises some of the more common autoantibodies and their clinical associations with autoimmune conditions. HAPS, NSW Health. |
| Disease Subsets, Antinuclear Antibody Profile, and Clinical Features in 127 French and 247 US Adult Patients with Systemic Sclerosis. There are disease classification and SSc-related serum autoantibody differences between French and American patients with SSc. These differences help to explain variations in clinical features reported from different geographic regions. J Rheumatol 2007 January;34:104–9. (Also see: Causes of Scleroderma: Ethnicity ) |
| Anti-Th/To-Positivity in a Cohort of Patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Our findings indicate that a nucleolar-staining ANA is a common finding in patients with IPF, and that antibodies against Th/To are responsible for the majority of these. The Journal of Rheumatology. Vol 33: NO. 8 Aug 2006. |
| Prognostic markers for systemic sclerosis. The risk of death is directly related to the autoantibody pattern. Other serum markers for organ involvement are under study, although their predictive performance remains to be evaluated. PubMed. Joint Bone Spine. 2006 Jun 2. |
| Scleroderma associated autoantibodies - clinical and diagnostic relevance. In more than 95% of patients, antinuclear antibodies or other autoantibodies can be detected. In about 90% of SSc patients with antinuclear antibodies, scleroderma associated autoantibodies highly specific for systemic sclerosis are found. PubMed. Z Rheumatol. 2006 Jun 21. |
| ADAMTS-13: Von WIllebrand Factor |
| ADAMTS-13: Von Willebrand factor cleaving protease (ADAMTS-13) in 123 patients with connective tissue diseases (systemic lupus erythematosus and systemic sclerosis). Systemic connective tissue diseases are other conditions besides TTP (thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura) that are associated in some instances with low but detectable levels of ADAMTS-13. PubMed. Haematologica. 2003 Aug;88(8):914-8. |
| Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA) |
| Definition of Antinuclear antibody. Antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) are found in patients whose immune system is predisposed to cause inflammation against their own body tissues. MedicineNet.com |
| Measurement of Antinuclear Antibodies by Multiplex Immunoassay: A Prospective, Multicenter Clinical Evaluation. These results suggest that patterns of autoantibodies detected by multiplex immunoassay testing, when analyzed by an interpretative algorithm, are useful in the evaluation of patients with CTD in situations of high disease prevalence. The Journal of Rheumatology. Vol 34 No 5 May 2007. |
| Antinucleolar Antibodies (ANoA) |
| The clinical significance of antinucleolar antibodies (ANoA) . Neither the presence nor subtype of ANoA is specific for systemic sclerosis. Laboratory comments appended to results should reflect this fact. (PubMed) J Clin Pathol. 2008 Mar;61(3):283-6. |
| Anticentromere Antibodies (ACA) |
| Anticentromere Antibodies (ACA) Identify Patients with Sjögren's Syndrome (SS) and Autoimmune Overlap Syndrome. The presence of ACA among patients with SS allows identification of a subset of patients with "SS overlap syndrome," who show a wide diversity of autoimmunity, encompassing but not limited to limited cutaneous sclerosis (SSc). J Rheumatol 2007;34:2253-8 (Also see: Sjogren's Syndrome and Scleroderma in Overlap) |
| Clinical and Serological Heterogeneity in Patients with Anticentromere Antibodies. ACA were positive mostly in patients with SSc with CREST features and partly in other rheumatic disorders. The high levels of ACA may be necessary for the development of CREST features, and frequent concurrence of other disease marker ANA may contribute to the development of heterogeneous clinical characteristics, including overlap syndrome, in patients with ACA. J Rheumatol. 2005 August;32:1488-94. (Also see: CREST Syndrome) |
| Anti-Cyclic Citrullinated Peptide Antibodies (CCP) |
| Use of antibodies recognizing cyclic citrullinated peptide in the differential diagnosis of joint involvement in systemic sclerosis. Anti-CCP antibodies can be detected in patients with SSc, but less commonly present than in adults with rheumatoid arthritis. PubMed. Clin Rheumatol. 2006 May 3. (Also see: Skeletal Involvement and Rheumatoid Arthritis) |
| Anti-DNA and Anti-Topoisomerase I Antibodies |
| Clinical subsets, skin thickness progression rate (STPR), and serum antibody levels in systemic sclerosis (SSc) patients with anti-topoisomerase I antibody. Anti-topo I antibody-positive patients with SSc with a rapid STPR have reduced survival rates, primarily due to early and often fatal renal and cardiac involvement. This information is important for managing physicians and researchers planning clinical trials involving patients with early dcSSc. (Wiley InterScience) Arthritis & Rheumatism.Volume 56, Issue 8, Pages 2740 - 2746. July 30 2007. (Also see: Diffuse Scleroderma) |
| Unstabilized DNA breaks in lymphocytes of patients with systemic sclerosis. Our results indicate that in SSc patients there is an interference in the protective cellular mechanisms, normally stabilizing DNA breaks. PubMed. Eur J Dermatol. 2006 May-Jun;16(3):258-61. (Also see: Causes of Scleroderma: DNA) |
| Antifibroblast Antibodies (AFAs) |
| Identification of Target Antigens of Antifibroblast Antibodies(AFAs) in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH). AFAs detected in patients with PAH recognize cellular targets playing key roles in cell biology and maintenance of homeostasis. RedOrbit. 05/16/08. (Also see: PAH) |
| ANCA and Anti-PR3 |
| Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Positive Crescentic Glomerulonephritis in Scleroderma - A Different Kind of Renal Crisis. The presence of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) and anti-MPO defines a subset of patients with SSc who are susceptible to crescentic glomerulonephritis. These patients may present in a manner identical to scleroderma renal crisis, yet treatment requirements differ significantly. PubMed. J Rheumatol. 2006 Jul 1. (Also see: Renal Involvement) |
| Exposure to silica and risk of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)-associated vasculitis. Long-term silica exposure may be one of the exogenous factors contributing to ANCA production, however, silica exposure alone, without typical silicosis, was not associated with ANCA positivity. PubMed. Am J Ind Med. 2006 May 11. (Also see: Vasculitis,and Causes of Scleroderma: Silica) |
| Anti-lipoprotein Lipase Antibody (Anti-LPL) |
| Anti-lipoprotein lipase antibody in systemic sclerosis: association with elevated serum triglyceride concentrations. The presence of IgG anti-LPL antibody was associated with elevated serum triglyceride levels, greater extent of skin fibrosis, and more frequent presence of lung fibrosis, heart involvement, and anti-topoisomerase I antibodies. J Rheumatol. 2005 Apr;32(4):629-36. (Also see: Skin Fibrosis, Pulmonary Fibrosis, and Cardiac Involvement) |
| APA (Antiphospholipid Antibodies) |
| Antiphospholipid Antibodies (aPL) And Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor In Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Rheumatoid Arthritis And Systemic Sclerosis. The frequency of aPL was high in rheumatic diseases. The titres of aPL were higher in rheumatic diseases than controls and in patients with APS manifestations than without. A full positive profile with high titres more likely identified patients at higher risk of APS related events. N. A. Fathi AB0974-AHP. EULAR 2008. (Also see: Blood Tests) |
| Antiphospholipid antibody syndrome and autoimmune diseases. Evidence is growing that antiphospholipid antibodies may have a pathogenic role in pulmonary hypertension and accelerated atherosclerosis of autoimmune diseases. (PubMed) Hematol Oncol Clin North Am. 2008 Feb; 22(1):53-65. (Also see: Lupus, PH,and Cardiac) |
| Autoantibodies after Stem Cell Transplant for Scleroderma |
| Is scleroderma an autoantibody mediated disease? In the past year, several provocative studies have presented evidence that autoantibodies may actually cause the vascular damage and fibrosis characteristic of systemic sclerosis. PubMed. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2006 Nov;18(6):579-81. |
| BPI Antibodies |
| BPI Antibodies: Bactericidal/Permeability-Increasing Protein and Cathepsin G Are the Major Antigenic Targets of Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Autoantibodies in Systemic Sclerosis. The study included 33 patients with diffuse and 35 with limited SSc. Patients with antibodies to BPI (bactericidal/permeability-increasing protein) had lower skin scores. J Rheumatol NO. 6 JUNE 2003;30:1248-52. |
| Cancer and Scleroderma Antibodies |
| Autoantibodies in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis and Cancer: A Case-Control Study. In contrast to previous studies, in our case-control study we were not able to detect a significant difference in autoantibody frequency or patterns among SSc patients with and without a diagnosis of cancer. These results refute the conclusion made previously that certain autoantibodies may represent risk factors for the development of cancer in patients with SSc. J Rheumatol. Volume 30: NO. 9 September 2003;30:1994-6. (Also see: Associated Diseases: Cancer) |
| C Reactive Protein |
| Autoantibodies Against C-Reactive Protein: Clinical Associations in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome. We observed that the presence of these antibodies was associated with lupus nephritis and with clinical features of the APS in patients with lupus and non-lupus patients. J Rheumatol 2006;33:1980-6. (Also see: Lupus and APS) |
| CA11 (Anti-Carbonic Anhydrase II) |
| Anti-carbonic anhydrase II antibodies in systemic sclerosis: association with lung involvement. These findings suggest both a possible pathogenic role of anti-CAII in the development of lung damage and a potential clinical utility as serological marker of pulmonary involvement in SSc patients. PubMed. Autoimmunity. 2003 Mar;36(2):85-9. (Also see: Pulmonary Involvement) |
| Eosinophilia |
| Eosinophilia in rheumatologic diseases: a prospective study of 1000 cases. Eosinophilia can be seen in various rheumatologic conditions but, as corticosteroids are one of the most common medications used in collagen tissue diseases, the eosinophil numbers found may be lower than expected and eosinophilia may be more frequent than reported. PubMed. Rheumatol Int. 2004 Apr 6. |
| ESR: Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate |
| ESR: Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate. There are different methods of obtaining the SED rate--such as Westergren, Cutler, Wintrobe, and Smith--and what is considered normal will depend on the method used. Medline Plus. |
| IgG Antibodies |
| Removing a sugar turns protective antibodies into attackers. Researcher shows that the ability of the IgG family of antibodies to efficiently trigger inflammation depends on a specific sugar molecule at the stem of the Y-shaped antibody structure. Years of prior research have confirmed that patients with autoimmune diseases have variations in the sugar patterns on their antibodies. RU Newswire. 07/04/07. (Also see: Autoimmune Diseases) |
| Antibodies to fibroblasts in idiopathic and scleroderma-associated pulmonary hypertension. Immunoglobulin G from patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension or scleroderma-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension express distinct reactivity profiles with fibroblasts antigens, suggesting distinct target antigens. PubMed. Eur Respir J. 2006 Oct;28(4):799-807. (Also see: Pulmonary Hypertension) |
| Anti-endothelial cell antibodies in idiopathic and systemic sclerosis associated pulmonary arterial hypertension. IgG antibodies from patients with idiopathic or SSc associated PAH express distinct reactivity profiles with macrovascular and microvascular endothelial cell antigens. PubMed. Thorax. 2005 Sep;60(9):765-772. (Also see: Pulmonary Hypertension) |
| Immunodeficiency |
| Autoimmune disease in primary antibody deficiencies. Immunodeficiency and autoimmune phenomena may occur concomitantly in the same individual. For early detection and appropriate treatment, autoimmune disease should be suspected in patients with immunodeficiency. PubMed. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr). 2005 Mar-Apr;33(2):69-73. |
| Lymphocytes |
| Pathogenic autoantibodies: Emerging insights into tissue injury. Accumulating evidence is emerging that B lymphocytes and autoantibodies are critical in the development of autoimmune disease. Studies of autoantibodies penetrating living cells suggest a dosage effect in generating a biological outcome in vivo. PubMed 02-28-06. (Also see: Causes of Scleroderma: B and T Cells) |
| MMP-3 Antibodies |
| Autoantibody against matrix metalloproteinase-3 in patients with systemic sclerosis. These results suggest that anti-MMP-3 antibody is a serological marker that reflects the severity of SSc and also suggest that it may contribute to the development of fibrosis by inhibiting MMP-3 activity and reducing the ECM (extracellular matrix) turnover. PubMed. Clin Exp Immunol. 2004 Nov;138(2):357-63. (Also see: Skin Fibrosis) |
| Nucleolar Antibodies |
| Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH) and Severe Pulmonary Fibrosis in Systemic Sclerosis Patients with a Nucleolar Antibody. Scleroderma-specific autoantibodies and the FVC%/DLCO% ratio are helpful in determining whether a patient has PAH alone, PAH along with pulmonary fibrosis, or secondary PAH from chronic hypoxia with severe pulmonary fibrosis. J Rheumatol 2007;34:2230-5. (Also see: Pulmonoary Hypertension, Pulmonary Fibrosis) |
| p-ANCA Antibodies |
| p-ANCA: Correspondence: Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies in Patients with Systemic Sclerosis. The relationship between atypical p-ANCA staining and antibodies to other neutrophil antigens and well defined clinical features in scleroderma patients needs further investigation if the significance of this particular ANCA fluorescence pattern is to be determined. (This item is two thirds down the linked webpage) J Rheumatol. VOLUME 30: NO. 9 SEPTEMBER 2003. |
| PmScl and dsDNA |
| Dyspnoea in Systemic Sclerosis. Diffuse systemic sclerosis/myositis overlap is a known entity. Anti PmScl antibodies are seen in 40-50% of patients and are associated with positive HLA-DR3. Consider muscle disease as the cause for dyspnoea and dysphagia in systemic sclerosis. N. R. Priddee. SAT0228 EULAR 2006. (Also see: Pulmonary Hypertension and Dermatomyositis) |
| Anti PM-Scl antibodies. Study of prevalence and of meaning. Low prevalence and possible association with an overlap autoimmune syndrome of quite good prognosis are reported with anti PM-Scl antibodies. PubMed. Rev Med Interne. 2006 Jun 12. (Also see: Overlap Syndrome) |
| Proteins |
| Disturbed angiogenesis in systemic sclerosis(SSc) high levels of soluble endoglin(sENG). The aim of this study was to investigate, in a cross-sectional study, sENG levels together with other serum vascular markers. This study shows increased values of sENG in a large SSc cohort and a relevant association with a vascular phenotype. J. Wipff. Rheumatology Advance Access. May 13, 2008 (Also see: Vasculitis) |
| C1D is a major autoantibody target in patients with the polymyositis-scleroderma overlap syndrome. Our results demonstrate that the recently identified exosome-associated protein C1D is a major autoantigen in patients with the PM-scleroderma overlap syndrome and suggest that the use of recombinant C1D as an autoantibody target may aid in diagnosis of the PM-scleroderma overlap syndrome. Arthritis and Rheumatism. Volume 56, Issue 7, Pages 2449 - 2454. (Also see: Polymyositis, and Overlap Syndrome) |
| RNA-Polymerases Antibodies |
| Antibodies to RNA Polymerase III in Systemic Sclerosis Detected by ELISA. Anti-RNAP-III autoantibodies were found in nearly 20% of SSc patients but in less than 1% of controls, thus detection of this antibody is a useful marker to help diagnose SSc. As well, this antibody has prognostic utility, since it is associated with scleroderma renal crisis and the diffuse cutaneous form of SSc. J Rheumatol 2007 July;34:1528-34. (Also see: Renal Involvement, and Diffuse Scleroderma) |
| A case of renal crisis in a Korean scleroderma patient with anti-RNA polymerase I and III antibodies. Sudden hypertension, oliguria, and pulmonary edema were features of her renal crisis. Subsequent renal biopsy findings showed severe fibrinoid necrosis with luminal obliteration in interlobar arteries and arterioles consistent with SSc renal crisis. PubMed. J Korean Med Sci. 2006 Dec;21(6):1121-3. (Also see: Renal Involvement) |
| Ro/SSA Antibodies |
| Ro/SSA autoantibodies directly bind cardiomyocytes, disturb calcium homeostasis, and mediate congenital heart block. Congenital heart block develops in fetuses after placental transferof Ro/SSA autoantibodies from rheumatic mothers. The condition is often fatal and the majority of live-born children require a pacemaker at an early age. These findings suggest that passive transfer of maternal p200 autoantibodies causes congenital heart block by dysregulating Ca2+ homeostasis and inducing death in affected cells. JEM, Volume 201, Number 1, 11-17, 3 January 2005. (Also see: Scleroderma and Pregnancy) |
| SCL-70 Antibodies |
| Clinical risk assessment of organ manifestations in systemic sclerosis - a report from the EULAR Scleroderma Trials And Research (EUSTAR) group data base. Diffuse cutaneous (dcSSc) and a limited cutaneous (lcSSc) subsets are associated with particular organ manifestations, but in this analysis the clinical distinction appeared superseded by an antibody based classification in predicting some scleroderma complications. PubMed. Ann Rheum Dis. 2007 Feb 1. (Also see: Types of Scleroderma) |
| Anti-scl-70.Evidence-based guidelines suggest that anti-Scl-70 antibodies are very useful in the diagnosis and clinical management of SSc patients and also to establish prognosis in these patients, particularly those with diffuse skin involvement. PubMed. Autoimmunity. 2005 Feb;38(1):65-72. |
| Relationship of Pulmonary Hypertension with Level of Skin Involvement and Autoantibody Profile in Systemic Sclerosis. Positive anti Scl-70 antibodies were significantly associated with signs of pulmonary hypertension in our patients. However, there was no correlation among extension of skin involvement and presence of ACA on one side, and signs of pulmonary hypertension and restrictive lung disease on the other. M. B. Zlatanovic. FRI0116 EULAR 2005. (Also see: Pulmonary Hypertension) |
| TNF (Tumor Necrosis Factor) and IL-13 (Interleukin-13) |
| Immune system can alter body's clock. The sudden sleepiness that accompanies the onset of many illnesses occurs when the immune system interferes with the body's circadian clocks, Swiss researchers report on Monday. ChinaDaily. 07/17/07. (Also see: Sleep and Autoimmunity) |
| Off-Label Dermatologic Uses of Anti-TNF-a Therapies. Reports suggest that anti-TNF-a therapies may be effective in the treatment of numerous inflammatory skin diseases outside their currently approved indications. PubMed. J Cutan Med Surg. 2006 May 25. (Also see: Causes of Scleroderma: Interleukins, Medications, and Skin Fibrosis) |
| The TNF-863A allele strongly associates with anticentromere antibody positivity in scleroderma. We believe these findings may have importance both for the directional pathogenesis of scleroderma progression and for the treatment of scleroderma with anti-TNF agents. PubMed. Arthritis Rheum. 2004 Feb;50(2):558-64. |
| TNF and IL-13: Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor and interleukin-13 are elevated in patients with localized scleroderma. These results suggest that TNF and IL-13 may be associated with the development of LSc. PubMed. Dermatology. 2003;207(2):141-7. (Also see: Linear and Morphea) |
| Antinuclear Antibodies and Localized Scleroderma: Generalized Morphea |
| Novel Autoantibody to Cu/Zn Superoxide Dismutase in Patients with Localized Scleroderma. IgG or IgM anti-Cu/Zn SOD antibody was detected in the serum of 89% of localized scleroderma patients, especially 100% of patients with generalized morphea, the severest form of localized scleroderma, but was positive only in the serum of less than 15% of patients with other autoimmune disorders, including systemic sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, and autoimmune bullous disorders. Minoru Hasegawa. 1687/510. ACR 2004. (Also see: Localized Scleroderma and Generalized Morphea) |
| Antibodies in Localized Scleroderma (Linear and Morphea) |
| Serum Autoantibodies and their Clinical Associations in Patients with Childhood and Adult Onset Linear Scleroderma. Childhood onset Linear Scleroderma is similar to adult onset disease in regard to the frequency of serum autoantibodies. Thaschawee Arkachaisri. 289/289 ACR 2006. (Also see: Linear Scleroderma) |
| Serum Autoantibodies and their Clinical Associations in Patients with Childhood and Adult Onset Linear Scleroderma (LScl). Childhood onset LScl is similar to adult onset disease in regard to the frequency of serum aAbs. Over two thirds of LScl patients had ANA. Thaschawee Arkachaisri. 289/289 ACR 2006. (Also see: Linear Scleroderma) |
| Antihistone antibodies (AHAs) in linear scleroderma variants. AHAs, which traditionally are markers for drug-induced lupus, may also be linked to linear scleroderma. The AHA titers may be related to the extent of involvement as well as disease activity. PubMed. Int J Dermatol. 2006 Nov;45(11):1296-9. (Also see: Linear Scleroderma) |
| Antinucleosome |
| Antinucleosome antibody is a major autoantibody in localized scleroderma. Although antinucleosome antibody was not specific to localized scleroderma, its high prevalence in localized scleroderma indicates that antinucleosome antibody is a major autoantibody in this disease. PubMed. Br J Dermatol. 2004 Dec;151(6):1182-8. (Also see: Localized Scleroderma) |
| Antibodies in Juvenile Scleroderma |
| Is Routine Testing of Anti-topoisomerase Antibody (Scl-70) and Anti-centromere Antibody (ACA) Warranted in a Pediatric Population? This study suggests that routine screening of Scl-70 or ACA in the pediatric populaton with scleroderma-like disease has little utility. The majority of patients with PSS had negative Scl-70 and ACA serologies but evidence of clinical disease. When present in related diseases, they had no clinical correlation and did not alter treatment. Margalit E. Rosenkranz. ACR Conference Oct. 2003. (Also see: Types of Scleroderma) |
| Autoantibodies to Beta Adrenoreceptors in Patients with Juvenile Scleroderma. Further follow up investigations are necessary to find out whether ABâ-1 could serve as an early predictor of scleroderma cardiac lesions in the pre-clinical stage of the disease. M. K. Osminina. THU0095 EULAR 2004. (Also see: Cardiac Involvement, and Juvenile Scleroderma) |
| Lupus and Antibodies |
| Antibodies in Lupus. There are over 100 antibodies associated with lupus. ISN. |
| Sjogren's Syndrome and Antibodies |
| Sjogren's Syndrome Diagnosis. ISN. |
| Thyroid Disease and Antibodies |
| Thyroid Disease and Antibodies. ISN. |
