| Sjögren's
Syndrome |
| This page
was written by Shelley
Ensz, and has not yet been medically edited. Scleroderma
(SD) affects everyone differently. See Disclaimer. |
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Diagnosis of Sjogren's
Syndrome
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| Overview of Diagnosis of Sjogren's Syndrome |
| Typical diagnostic tests for Sjogren's
include Schirmer's eye test, slit-lamp test, tests measuring
saliva flow, radiologic salivary scans, and salivary gland
biopsy. |
| Sjogren's
syndrome. A new international consensus for diagnosis
requires objective signs and symptoms of dryness including
a characteristic appearance of a biopsy sample from a minor
salivary gland or autoantibody such as anti-SS-A. PubMed.
Lancet. 2005 Jul 23-29;366(9482):321-31. |
| Prevalence and Clinical Relevance of Autoimmune Neutropenia in Patients with Primary Sjögren's Syndrome (SS). Neutropenia should be considered a relevant hematologic finding of primary SS, due both to its elevated prevalence and to its clinical significance. (Science Direct) Seminars in Arthritis and Rheumatism. April 18, 2008. |
| Antibodies in the Diagnosis of Sjogren's
Syndrome |
| Anticentromere Antibodies (ACA) Identify Patients with Sjögren's Syndrome (SS) and Autoimmune Overlap Syndrome. The presence of ACA among patients with SS allows identification of a subset of patients with "SS overlap syndrome," who show a wide diversity of autoimmunity, encompassing but not limited to limited cutaneous sclerosis (SSc). J Rheumatol 2007;34:2253-8 (Also see: Antibodies, and Scleroderma in Overlap) |
| Centromere
Protein C Is a Target of Autoantibodies in Sjögren's
Syndrome and Is Uniformly Associated with Antibodies to Ro
and La. Antibodies to both CENP B (centromere proteins
B) and CENP C occur in SS. In a subset representing 15% of
SS patients studied, these anticentromere antibodies recognize
exclusively CENP C, and were uniformly associated with antibodies
to Ro 52 and La. J Rheumatol. VOLUME 31: NO. 6 JUNE 2004;31:1121-5.
(Also see: Antibodies and Sjogren's
Syndrome) |
| Biomarkers in Saliva and Tears |
| Sjögren's
Syndrome: Saliva to diagnose primary Sjögren's Syndrome. Scientists
at the University of California-Los Angeles have identified
a panel of salivary biomarkers that can distinguish pSS patients
from healthy subjects. SpiritIndia.com 03/23/07. |
| Painless
Test Using Teardrops May Speed Diagnosis Of Sjögren's Syndrome. This
noninvasive test, which analyzes multiple protein biomarkers
in the tears using highly sensitive mass spectrometry, shows
promise in early clinical studies as the first simple test
for identifying the disease. ScienceDaily 04/16/05. |
| Mathematical Model for Diagnosis of Sjogren's
Syndrome |
| A
new mathematical model based on clinical and laboratory variables
for the diagnosis of Sjogren's syndrome. The aim of our
study was to develop a simple mathematical score that uses
clinical and laboratory variables for diagnosing SS, thereby
reducing the need of minor salivary gland. We conclude that
our mathematical model can be considered a useful non-invasive
approach for diagnosing Sjogren's Syndrome and recommend
its validation on a larger scale. PubMed. Clin Rheumatol
2003 May;22(2):123-6. |
| Salivary Gland Biopsy for Diagnosis of Sjogren's
Syndrome |
| Sjogren's
syndrome (SS) represents autoimmune disease characterized
by chronic inflammation, destruction and insufficiency of
exocrine glands, particularly salivary and lacrimal glands,
accompanied by dryness of mouths and eyes. Examination
of small salivary glands in the biopsy of the lower lip represents
a "golden standard" of diagnosis of SS, concerning
the fact that the growth and the disfunction of salivary
and lacrimal glands occurs in different pathologic states. PubMed.
Vojnosanit Pregl 2002 Nov-Dec;59(6):615-20. |
| Schirmer's Test for Diagnosis of Sjogren's
Syndrome |
| Schirmer's Test. This is also known as a dry eye test, a tear test, or a tearing test. The Schirmer's test determines whether the eye produces enough tears to keep it moist. Paper strips are inserted under the eyelid. Before the test, you may be given numbing eye drops to prevent tearing due to the irritation from the paper. Most often, the eyes are closed for about 5 minutes. Medline Plus, NIH. |
| Slit Lamp Test for Diagnosis of Sjogren's
Syndrome |
| Slit Lamp Examination. The slit lamp exam uses an instrument that provides a magnified, three-dimensional (3-D) view of the different parts of the eye. During the exam, your health professional can look at the front parts of the eye, including the clear, outer covering (cornea), the lens, the colored part (iris), and the front section of the gel-like fluid (vitreous gel) that fills the large space in the middle of the eye. WebMD. |
| Ultrasonography of Glands for Diagnosis of Sjogren's
Syndrome |
| Ultrasonography of Salivary Glands. A Highly Specific Imaging Procedure for Diagnosis of Sjögren's Syndrome. The data indicate that ultrasonography of major salivary glands is a noninvasive imaging procedure with high diagnostic value for the diagnosis of primary and secondary SS. J Rheumatol 2008;35:285-93. (Also see: Sjogren's Syndrome) |
| Ultrasonography
of Parotid Glands in Patients with Primary and Secondary
Sjogren's Syndrome. It is shown that ultrasonography
has possible diagnostic value for Sjogren's Syndrome, due
to statistically significant difference of the pathological
characteristics of parotid glands in patients with primary
SS. V. D. Milic. FRI0375 EULAR 2004. |
